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The proliferation of loan apps in Nigeria has resulted in some fake loan apps emerging for use by unsuspecting members of the public.

If you are thinking to get a loan from any of the existing mobile lenders (or loan apps) it is important to make sure you are borrowing from legit loan apps.

Doing business with any of the fake loan apps or money lenders may hurt you in several ways. Some of these bad loan apps may

  • charge you very high interest rates
  • hide extra charges you may not know about
  • resort to public shaming and intimidation tactics when you default
  • and several other issues

So you should be sure to avoid bad loan apps that may frustrate your life.

How do you know bad loan apps?

Based on our research and in addition to the above mentioned things, you can also check if a loan app is duly registered and licensed by the CBN to offer financial, money lending services.

If a loan app or business is not licensed that means you cannot even file a report against them or sue them if they act illegally or breach their terms of service in the process of doing business with you.

Licensed mobile money lenders have codes of conduct and rules they have to adhere to from the Central Bank. Thus this will make them likely to act and respond to customers/borrowers in a professional way. Unlicensed loan apps or lenders will probably act outside what the law or regulations stipulate.

So in summary,

Here are Ways to Identify Fake, Bad Loan Apps or Money Lenders

Bad loan operators usually have characteristics that you can look out for. This does not mean that people do not get loans from them, however it only means that you are likely to have a bad experience or be taken advantage of if you do business with them.

Below are the some major signs that a loan app may be bad;

  • Very higher than usual interest rate: Loan apps (outside the major banks) usually offer loans at high interest rate. However bad loan apps will typically charge much higher interest rate. Some of them charge daily, weekly or very high monthly interest rates.
  • Shorter loan duration: If a loan app offers you loans that are due to be paid in less than 1 month, run. It is much more difficult to repay loans with very short duration. The very least are payday loans that have 30 day ( 1 month) repayment period
  • Hidden charges: bad loan operators will sometimes seperate interest charges from service charges. If the total interest/fees you are to pay for a loan is not clear then they are bad for you
  • Unprofessional conduct: Bad loan apps will typically act unprofessionally, have no physical office address and have staff that engage with borrowers in undesirable manner. They resort to public shaming, intimidation etc to defaulting borrowers
  • Not duly licensed: Check to be sure a loan app is run by a company duly licensed by the CBN to offer financial and lending services.

See below loan apps/lenders you should avoid

Nairaplus

A survey of online complaints and discussions always throw up Nairaplus’ name as one of the troublesome loan apps to avoid.

They are accused of breaking the data privacy of customers and sending threatening messages to the contacts of loan defaulters.

Sokoloan

Online reviews about this loan app is usually negative.

They were among the loan apps sanctioned by the government agency NITDA for abusing users’ privacy rights and sending unsavoury messages to contacts of borrowers.

Their interest rates are also believed to be too high. Some users have reported paying as high as 45% interest on loans of just N10,000

BorrowNow

This is another of the many emerging loan sharks that prey on their customers.

Users online complained of a tactic used by BorrowNow where after collecting and repaying a loan they approve another loan for the user without his/her consent and proceed to inform the user.

They are also one of those that offer very short loan tenures that may be tough for the borrower to meet up with.

A quick search shows no visible website except an app on the Playstore. There is very little information to learn about them.

9credit

9credit is accused of using public shaming, intimidation tactics to recover their loans.

They are also one of the bad loan apps that offer extremely short term loan (1 week duration) at over 30% interest.

There is very little information about them on their website which is a red flag for a loan company.

Lcredit

They’ve gained notoriety for abusing borrowers and their contacts when they default.

They are one of the loan apps reported to have been delisted from Google Playstore (a quick search shows they are not in the official playstore anymore).

They offer very small loans for short duration at very high interest rates.

The app said to be run by an organisation name Cashigo has terrible reviews online about their way of doing business.

More of the bad loan apps (from the bad online user reviews and opaque information about them) include

  • Go Cash
  • Lioncash
  • GMoney
  • FastMoney
  • Icoin
  • Getcash
  • 9ja cash
  • Cash wallet
  • Palmcash
  • Easecash
  • ForNaira
  • GotoCash

There are certainly lots of loan apps/businesses parading in the country promising to give people affordable online loans easily.

But the truth is there are several of them that are like loan sharks, with outrageous interests, sneaky terms and conditions etc.

So how do you know legit loan apps so you don’t fall victim of borrowing money from the illegal ones?

Legitimate loan apps have some things to know them by including;

  • License to operate as a lender: Legit loan apps must have obtained the requisite license to operate and give loans from the appropriate regulatory authorities in the country.
  • Clear Interest Rates: Legit loan apps will have information on clear interest rates so borrowers will know exactly how much they are to pay back. Illegal loan apps or loan sharks can however have unclear information which can result to paying much higher interest by the borrower
  • No Hidden Charges: Legit loan apps will reveal if there are any additional charges such as for late payment etc. But all these illegal loan apps may hide additional charges in fine print and you end up realising there are some extra charges or penalties to pay

Selected Legit Loan Apps You Can Use to Apply for Loans

We conducted some in-depth research including testing as many loan apps as possible and these are some of the legit loan apps in Nigeria you can use to apply for personal or business loans.

1. Carbon

Formerly known as Paylater, Carbon is a licensed digital bank and lender. With Carbon you can pay bills, make transfers as well as do high interest savings.

Carbon also offers loans through its app. As a user your loan amount increases as you bank with them and increase your credit score.

On its website it says you can access easy loans easily with no guarantors, or collaterals. As you repay loans you can unlock higher amounts.

Our research shows that people use them for digital banking and loans as they are duly licensed. You may need to check their website to see details about their online loans, interest rates etc.

2. Branch

Branch, according to their website, offers mobile financial services to the emerging markets. It is primarily a loan/lending app with which you can borrow money directly to your mobile money or bank account.

To use Branch to get loans you download the app, fill the initial online form then apply for loan. As you repay your credit and ability to borrow larger amounts increase.

Branch is presently available in India, Kenya, Tanzania, Nigeria.

You can take a loan for as long as 4 -52 weeks at varying monthly interest rates sometimes which can be a bit high.

Our research on whether Branch loan is legit shows that there are no hidden charges. The charges/interest displayed for any loan you are about to take is what you will pay.

They also operate in multiple countries and are duly registered/licensed to run lending operations.

Some users say the good thing about Branch is that they disburse approved loans via the app in minutes and you can choose to make the repayment in 4 installments.

3. Aella Credit

Aella credit describes itself as a credit infrastructure company powering payments and helping people manage their finances better.

Aella credit provides instant access to funds through its online mobile app.

The unique thing about Aella Credit is that you can use get both personal or business loans on the app.

It promises no paperwork, no rollover fees, and rewards for repaying your loans on time. As your repay your loans on time the amount you can borrow also increases.

Aella credit is a registered, license mobile lender. It uses an algorithm to rate/review loan applications and determine the amount you can borrow which can increase as you repay.

Users surveyed also said Aella Credit is professional in their approach in cases of default.

4. Fairmoney

Fairmoney is a licensed microfinance bank and money lender that provides easy, unsecured loans to individuals and small business owners.

On their website they say they can provide you a bank account with free transfers, loans of up to N1 million (although you will have to start from much lower amounts and build up your credit to borrow more as you repay on time).

You can visit the Fairmoney website here for more details – https://fairmoney.ng/

While a few users expressed issues with Fairmoney that had to do with repaying their loans, majority of users researched say Fairmoney is pretty fine as a loan app.

5. Quickcheck

Quickcheck is a financial institution based in Ikeja that offers unsecured, online loans to individuals.

Information from the FAQ section of their website shows that to qualify for a loan you don’t have to submit any documents. You simply download the mobile app, create account and respond to the questions they will ask you. Accurate answers to the questions helps their system evaluate your loan eligibility and the amount you can borrow.

They answer a lot more questions in their FAQ section – https://quickcheck.ng/faq/

Earlier users complained about their loan approval process and rate but recently it appears to have improved and impressed more users.

6. Renmoney

Renmoney is a fintech business operating on a microfinance bank license.

They provide loans without collateral to individuals and small business owners through their website and mobile app as well as providing normal digital banking services such as savings/deposits.

It claims to have provided loans to hundreds of thousands of Nigerians for things like growing their business, paying rent or school fees, buying a car etc.

To qualify for a loan you have to be between 22 – 59 years old, have a verifiable source of income and live in the cities where they operate (which currently is Lagos).

It says on the website you can borrow up to N6 million for 24 months. However you must have built up your loan capacity by borrowing smaller amounts and repaying them on time.

To apply for loan you will need also to provide the following; your bank statement, a government issued ID card and utility bill (optional).

Because they usually loan money to only people with verifiable salary income and have systems in place to recoup their money Renmoney has good reputation as one of the loan apps who do not resort to embarrassing and shaming defaulters to their contacts. We guess that’s one good point about them.

7. PalmCredit

Palmcredit, run by New Edge Finance, is a mobile lender with their app only available on Google Playstore for Android phones.

You can get quick, unsecured loans of up to N100,000 through the Palmcredit app. They are also duly registered in the country.

The parent company, Newedge Finance Limited is fully licensed to offer financial services.

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NB: This is not financial advice and Nairabrains will not be responsible/liable for any decisions you take as a result of reading this article. You are always advised to carry out your own due diligence. 

 

Scams on the internet happen when in various forms. The scammers’  online scam tactics (including use these fake or compromised accounts to trick you into giving them money or personal information) keep evolving. We hope you find these tips to avoid online scams useful. 

Most social media platforms, credible websites, financial apps etc will never send you direct messages/emails asking for personal details about your account.  For Instagram as an example, to identify phishing and spam emails, you can view official Instagram emails sent within the last 14 days from your Settings.

These are some of the things to watch out for when it comes to online scams:

  • People asking you for money who you don’t know in person.
  • People asking you to send them money or gift cards to receive a loan, prize or other winnings.
  • Anyone asking you to pay a fee in order to apply for a job.
  • Accounts representing large companies, organizations or public figures that are not verified.
  • People claiming to be from a major social media app, bank etc security asking you to provide account information (like your username or password), or offering you account verification services.
  • People asking you to move your conversation off social media to a less public or less secure setting, such as a separate email.
  • People claiming to have a friend or relative in an emergency.
  • People who misrepresent where they are located.
  • Messages that appear to come from a friend or a reputable company you know that ask you to click on a suspicious link.
  • Accounts that have a brief history on social media.
  • Messages or posts with poor spelling and grammatical mistakes.
  • People or accounts asking you to claim a prize.
  • People or accounts that offer items at an extreme discount.

Here are Types of Online scams to Watch Out for

Romance Scams: Romance scammers typically send romantic messages to people they don’t know, often pretending to be divorced, widowed or in distress. They’ll engage in online relationships claiming to need money for flights or visas. Their goal is to gain your trust, so the conversations may continue for weeks before they ask for money. Be vigilant of engaging in such conversations with people you don’t know in real life.

Lottery Scams: Lottery scams are often carried out from accounts impersonating someone you know or an organization (such as a government agency or a social media platform). The messages will claim that you’re among the winners of a lottery and that you can receive your money for a small advance fee. The scammer may ask you to provide personal information, such as your physical address or bank details which they can use for other criminal activities.

Loan Scams: Loan scammers send messages or leave comments on posts offering instant loans, at a low interest rate for a small advance fee. Once an initial payment is made they may ask for more money to provide a larger loan or simply end the conversation and disappear with the payment. Avoid making any transactions to people that you don’t know.

False Investment Scams: Scammers may promise unrealistic monetary benefits like offering to convert a small amount of money into a larger sum (example: $100 = $1000) and solicit money from you. This false promise of return on investment results in the scammer disappearing with the payment. Some types of false investment scams to watch out for include “cash flipping” scams, Ponzi schemes or “get rich quick” schemes.

Job Scams: Job scammers use misleading or fake job postings to try and get your personal information or money. Avoid job postings that sound too good to be true or that ask you to pay anything upfront. When clicking on a link from a job posting, watch out for websites that seem unrelated to the original job posting or that ask for sensitive information (example: government ID) but don’t use secure (https) browsing.

Credit Card Fraud: Scammers use stolen financial information to make purchases online or to lure others into buying goods or services at a significantly lower price than the market price. If you notice suspicious activity on your credit card, you should report it to your financial institution or local law enforcement.

Paid Subscription Services: Scammers will offer the sale of paid subscription services or lifetime access to these paid subscription services for a one-time payment. Avoid purchasing subscription-based services from unknown third parties since scammers won’t deliver the product, or the product won’t work as they claim it will.

Phishing Scam: Phishing is when someone tries to get access to your Instagram account by sending you a suspicious message or link that asks for your personal information. If they get into your account, a scammer may have access to things like your phone number or email address. They may also change your password to lock you out of your account.

Inauthentic Sellers: Inauthentic or misleading sellers may try to use underpriced items to lure buyers into a scam. They may try to create a sense of urgency to get buyers to act quickly, request payment through a non-secure method, or misrepresent their location in their posts.

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LAPO Microfinance bank is one of the more popular traditional Microfinance institutions in Nigeria known for its offline loans and aggressive loan collection methods.

LAPO offers normal banking and savings services asides loans.

LAPO Microfinance Bank Key Products

Among the core products offered by Lapo microfinance to its customers include;

Regular loans: This is a loan product offered to individuals who apply as part of a group eg a union. According to information on the bank’s website a union is a group of people who can access loans individually but will have group guarantees.

Each person in the group can access between N30,000 – N150,000 for a maximum duration of 8 months. Repayment is weekly. No collateral is required.

SME Loan: The LAPO Microfinance SME loan is a credit facility targeted at supporting small and medium enterprises in the country. The loan offers up to N5 million for a duration of 12 months without collateral (according to information on the bank’s website).

Other products offered by the bank include; regular savings, my pikin savings, educational loan, agricultural loan.

Where to Find LAPO Microfinance Bank branches nationwide

If you are looking for branches of LAPO Microfinance bank near you, take a look at the exhaustive list of LAPO Microfinance Bank branches below;

LAPO Microfinance Bank branches/locations in Lagos

  • 37 Oju Elegba Road, Yaba, Lagos
  • 1st Floor, 65 Kudirat Abiola Way, Oregun, Lagos
  • 41 Oba Molaja Ogunlewe Road, Ikorodu, Lagos
  • Orishigun Street, Mile 12, Lagos
  • 99 Olojo Drive, Egbeda, Lagos
  • 7 Iganmu Road, Ijora, Lagos
  • 18 Bale Road, Ajengule, Lagos
  • 456 Agege Motor Road, Oshodi, Ikeja, Lagos
  • 108 Old Abeokuta Road, Oba Akran, Lagos
  • Ashafa Bus Stop, 54 Dopemu Road, Dopemu, Lagos
  • Gobi Villa II, 121 Idimu Road, Alimosho, Lagos
  • FHC7+7Q7, Aja, Lagos
  • 83 Ojo Road, Off Aduke Bus Stop, Ajegunle, Lagos
  • 2-20 Ilaka St, Ilupeju, Lagos
  • 221 Old Abeokuta Road, Agege, Lagos
  • Opposite Dapsey Oil Petrol Station, Egan Igando, Lagos
  • 3 Alaba Williams St, Ifako-Ijaiye, Lagos
  • 15 Ashipa Rd, Idimu, Lagos
  • Toll Gate Busstop Sango, Agege
  • 148 Okota Rd, Ilasamaja, Lagos

LAPO Microfinance Bank branche(s) in Ogun State

  • Oke – Ilewo Road, Ibara, Abeokuta, Ogun State

LAPO Microfinance Bank branch(s) in Oyo State

  • 197 Adekunle Fajuyi Rd, Adamasingba, Ibadan, Oyo State
  • Opp Sango Cemetry, 56 Oyo Road, Sango, Mokola Hill, Ibadan, Oyo

LAPO Microfinance Bank branch(s) in Osun State

  • 23 IdiIfa Street, Gbongan Street, Osogbo, Osun State
  • 2A Agowande Street, Ife, Osun State

LAPO Microfinance Bank branch(s) in Kwara State

  • 14 Umaru Audi Road, Ilorin, Kwara State

LAPO Microfinance Bank branch(s) in Edo State

  • Plot 6 S & T Rd, Uselu 300103, Benin City, Edo State
  • 18 Dawson Rd, Benin, Edo State
  • 2 secretariat road, Auchi, Edo State
  • LAPO Place, 18 Dawson Rd, Benin City

LAPO Microfinance Bank branch(s) in Ondo State

  • Spring Bank Building, Ikare, Ondo State

LAPO Microfinance Bank branches in Imo State

  • Plot 131, Ikenegbu Layout, Owerri, Imo State
  • 108 Wetheral Rd, Owerri, Imo State
  • Umuezeala, Orlu
  • 69 Douglas Rd, Owerri

LAPO Microfinance Bank branches in Ekiti State

  • Oke Ila Street, Ijero, Ekiti State

LAPO Microfinance Bank branches in Enugu State

  • 187 Old Abakaliki Rd, Emene, Enugu
  • 177 Agbani Rd, Uwani, Enugu
  • 13 Nike Lake Road, Trans- Ekulu, Enugu
  • 39 Zik Ave, Uwani, Enugu

LAPO MIcrofinance Bank branches in Abuja

  • Suite 12 And 13 Kubwa Shopping Plaza Gbazango Extension, Kubwa, Abuja

LAPO Microfinance Bank branches in Rivers State

  • Stadium Rd, opposite Echelon heights, Rumuibekwe, Port Harcourt
  • Harold Wilson Dr, Port Harcourt, Rivers State
  • 163 Sathcom House, Rumudara, Port Harcourt

LAPO Microfinance Bank branches in Abia State

  •  Beside OPM Church, 76 Km 6 Aba-Owerri Road, Osisioma Industry Layout Road, Aba, Abia State
  • 76 Faulks Rd, Aba
  • Oj Plaza Surgical Line, Ariaria, Aba

  • No 1 Ihenta Road, Ohafia
  • 22 Asa Road, Aba

LAPO MIcrofinance Bank branches in Anambra State

  • Owerri road, Army Barracks, Onitsha

LAPO Microfinance Bank branches in Benue State

  • Calabar Street, Ogoja
  • 2 Ankpa Quarters Road, Ankpa – Aukpa Rd, Ward, Makurdi

LAPO Microfinance Bank in Kogi State

  • Murtala Mohammed Way, Lokoja

LAPO Microfinance Bank branches in Akwa Ibom State

  • Ibo Hall Rd, Ikot Ekpene

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Kuda bank is one of the fastest growing digital banks in the country (with its 100% digital banking solution provided through the Kuda bank app).

Not many people know that Kuda bank has an online loan facility for its customers. Usually known as Kuda bank overdraft, the bank says it is a short term loan advanced to customers who have operated an account for sometime and qualify for the loan.

If you have some interest in Kuda bank overdraft we hope this article breaks it down as much as possible.

Information about Kuda Bank Overdraft

On its website Kuda bank describes the Kuda Overdraft as short term loans you can take anytime as long as you use your account regularly.

However we found out that as a Kuda bank customer you may not immediately be eligible to take the overdraft until you’ve operated your bank account for several months as well as done a decent volume of transactions through it.

There is nowhere they state how much or the volume of transactions (deposits for eg) that you need to have done via the bank app to qualify for the kuda bank overdraft. We estimate that for a user to be eligible he/she must have done at least hundreds of thousands of Naira in transactions (especially deposits).

We also think it helps if you use your kuda bank to receive periodic, regular payments like salaries, interests on investments etc.

After some months of using your kuda bank regularly you can then try to apply for the kuda bank overdraft.

Key details of Kuda bank overdraft

  • Kuda bank is usually a short term loan (30 days) you can use to bridge the gap for a few weeks till you get paid your work salary or for a job done for which you’re expecting payment
  • For.a kudabank overdraft you are charged 0.3% daily interest. This amounts to 9% monthly interest which appears high compared to other bank online loans such as GTBank Quick Credit 
  • When you apply for the loan/overdraft Kuda will evaluate and show you an amount you are eligible to access.
  • You have within 3 business days to reject the loan/overdraft offered you. This does not attract any charges.

How to Apply for Kuda bank overdraft

To apply for Kuda bank overdraft you need to have been a customer of the bank for some months already, using the kuda bank app for deposits and other transactions regularly.

If you fulfill the above requirements you can

  • log into your Kuda bank app,
  • tap on BORROW
  • tap – Get Your Overdraft
  • tap Next
  • Type in the amount you intend to borrow then tap Done
  • Confirm with your transaction PIN, finger print or Face ID
  • Tap OK and the amount will reflect in your account balance for you to spend

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If you are asking the question – how do I register my business? Hopefully this guide gives you the clear steps and details you need to do that yourself.

Starting a business can be exciting even if laced with challenges. For most businesses it is important to formalise through business registration with the appropriate authorities.

In Nigeria, there are processes with registering your business. Registering your business not only gives it legal recognition but it also helps build credibility when people know they are dealing with a legally registered entity.


Rather register a company? See How to Register a Company in Nigeria


Why Register a Business Name in Nigeria?

There are several benefits to registering your business name. Some of these include;

Legal recognition: Your business becomes an official entity recognized by the Nigerian government and potential partners, customers etc.

Brand protection: When you register your business name it means no one one else can legally use your registered business name.

Access to opportunities: With a registered business, you can open a business bank account, apply for grants or loans, and bid for contracts.

Trust and professionalism: Customers, clients, and investors take your business more seriously.

Types of Business Registration in Nigeria

There are different forms of business structures, but for small businesses and startups, registering a Business Name (also known as an Enterprise) is the most common and cost-effective option.

Other types include:

  • Limited Liability Company (LLC): For those looking for a more structured corporate setup.
  • Incorporated Trustees: Usually for NGOs, religious bodies, and associations.

In this guide, we focus on registering a Business Name.

Requirements for Registering a Business Name

Before you begin the registration process, make sure you have the following:

  • 2–3 proposed business name options
  • Brief description of the business activities
  • Full name and personal details of the owner
  • Valid ID (National ID, Voter’s Card, International Passport, or Driver’s License)
  • Passport photograph (scanned or digital copy)

Step-by-Step Guide to Registering Your Business Name

Step 1: Conduct a Name Availability Search

Visit the Corporate Affairs Commission (CAC) portal to check if your desired business name is available. Submit at least two name options to increase your chances of approval.

Step 2: Fill Out the Pre-Registration Form (CAC-BN 1)

Create an account on the CAC portal and complete the online form with the required details. Be accurate and consistent with your personal information and business description.

Step 3: Pay the Filing Fee

The official filing fee for Business Name registration is currently N10,000. You can pay directly through the CAC portal using Remita or other approved payment gateways.

Step 4: Upload Supporting Documents

Scan and upload your valid ID, passport photo, and any other required documents. Review everything carefully before submission to avoid delays.

Step 5: Certificate Issuance

Once approved (usually within 1–3 working days), you will receive a Business Name Certificate. You can download and print this certificate directly from your CAC dashboard.


Post-Registration Steps

After successfully registering your business, here are the next steps:

  • Get a Tax Identification Number (TIN) from the Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS).
  • Open a business bank account using your CAC documents and TIN.
  • Register with regulatory bodies (e.g., NAFDAC, SON, depending on your industry).
  • File annual returns to maintain your business name status.

The fintech revolution has continued to positively impact the global finance industry in recent years. Among its several offshoots is peer-to-peer (P2P) lending, a disruptive phenomenon that has gained significant traction across the globe. As the popularity and adoption of peer to peer lending platforms increases, so does its market value which is projected to increase from USD 517.2 billion in 2024 to USD 1,709.6 billion by 2034.

So what exactly is peer to peer (P2P) lending? Think of P2P lending as a decentralised kind of lending that facilitates direct borrowing between individuals or businesses (often through online platforms), bypassing intermediaries such as traditional financial institutions, e.g., banks. P2P lending is also known as crowdlending or social lending.

This article explores the rise of P2P lending in Africa, the challenges it faces, and highlights some successful P2P lending platforms operating across the continent.

The Rise of Peer to Peer (P2P) Lending in the African Continent

The OECD notes that fintech lending has grown significantly over the last decade. In Africa, this growth is due to several key factors that have created a conducive environment for P2P lending. Here are some of them:

Limited Financial Inclusion

A significant portion of Africa’s population of over 1.5 billion remains unbanked or underbanked. The lack of advanced banking infrastructure, especially in the continent’s rural areas, means that many individuals and small businesses are unable to access much-needed credit. 

According to the AfricaNenda 2022 Annual Report, over 350 million adults in Africa are unbanked and the majority of them cannot access the formal economy. Therefore, to satisfy their financial needs, these excluded people depend on cash or informal sources, a dependence that is characterised by higher costs and risks.

P2P lending platforms take care of all these by providing alternative solutions to traditional financial systems.

Increasing Penetration of the Internet and Mobile Telephony

Africa has witnessed a rapid increase in mobile phone and internet usage in recent years. Mobile phone penetration in Africa has increased rapidly over time, for example, from 1% in 2000 to 54% in 2012, according to Deloitte’s report titled The Sub-Saharan Africa Mobile Observatory. As of 2023, the ITU estimates that 63% of Africans owned a mobile phone.

Between 2019 and 2022, more than 160 million Africans had access to broadband internet connectivity. In sub-Saharan Africa, there was a 115% increase in internet users between 2016 and 2021 while an additional 191 million persons either made or received a digital payment between 2014 and 2021.

These technological advancements have helped pave the way for the growth of P2P lending platforms whose services can easily be accessed through a smartphone with an internet connection.

Growing Need for Alternative Financing

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) constitute the backbone of many economies in Africa. This notwithstanding, SMEs often struggle to secure funding from traditional lenders like banks, no thanks to strict lending criteria such as collateral requirements, and high interest rates.

P2P lending offers an effective alternative to traditional bank loans, enabling SMEs to source funds directly from individuals or investors willing to take the risk. Similarly, individuals requiring personal loans or emergency funding can also benefit from P2P lenders.

Favourable Regulatory Frameworks

As P2P lending and other fintech products and services continue to mature in the continent, African countries are beginning to recognise their potential, thus introducing regulations to support growth in these industries.

A CCAF report notes that Nigeria has an established regulatory framework for lending that encompasses P2P lending activities. Similarly, Kenya’s Central Bank released guidelines for digital lenders in 2021, (the amended Central Bank Act, 2021). The guidelines were aimed at boosting transparency and fairness within that country’s lending environment.

Although regulation in this area across the continent remains a work in progress, these early steps are a clear indication of the willingness of African governments to promote P2P lending as a viable alternative to traditional lenders.

Challenges Facing P2P Lending Adoption in Africa

Despite the potential and growth projections for P2P lending, the following are some challenges bedevilling its adoption across Africa:

Trust and Security Concerns

P2P lending relies heavily on trust between lenders and borrowers (as well as the platforms that connect them). In several African countries, the lack of awareness and understanding of the P2P lending concept creates scepticism, especially among older or more conservative users.

Additionally, the risk of fraud, loan defaults and lack of consumer protection can discourage potential users from engaging with P2P platforms.

Lack of Regulatory Clarity

The presence of clear regulations or supportive pronouncements by P2P lending regulators seems to be correlated with increased market activity. Though some African nations are evolving regulations for digital lending, there are others still lacking clear, comprehensive laws governing the industry. This regulatory uncertainty presents risks for investors,  borrowers and other stakeholders.

According to the CCAF, as of 2021, the coverage of regulatory frameworks for P2P lending in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) stood at 35%, significantly lower than in the MENA and APAC regions which recorded coverages of 58% and 72% respectively.

Without appropriate legal frameworks, disputes over situations such as loan defaults, fraud, and platform failure could be difficult to resolve, potentially undermining the credibility of P2P lending services.

Limited Data and Credit Scoring Systems

One of the most notable obstacles to P2P lending in Africa is the paucity of reliable data about borrowers. Credit scoring systems are either underdeveloped or nonexistent in many countries, making it difficult for lenders to critically evaluate the creditworthiness of potential borrowers.

Where reliable data and credit scoring models are not available, risk-averse lenders may be reluctant to offer loans, and borrowers may be subjected to higher interest rates due to perceived risks.

Economic Instability

Africa has some of the world’s poorest countries struggling with inefficiently managed economies.  Economic instability, inflation, and currency volatility in some African countries make investing in P2P lending platforms riskier. Additionally, many African economies are highly susceptible to political unrest and fluctuations in global commodity prices.

Such economic woes can act as a deterrent for both local and international investors while also negatively impacting the repayment capacity of borrowers and the returns for lenders.

Examples of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Lending Platforms in Africa

Presently, several P2P lending platforms have emerged across Africa, helping to bridge the financing gap for individuals and businesses such as SMEs. Some of these platforms include:

Platform Website
FairMoney https://fairmoney.io/
KiaKia https://www.kiakia.co/
Aella https://aellaapp.com/
PeerLender https://peerlender.app/
P2Vest https://www.p2vest.com/
RainFin https://www.rainfin.com/
Qardy https://eqardy.com/home
FunderJet https://www.funderjet.co.za/
Lendico https://lendico.ng/
UbaPesa https://ubapesa.com/
Zidisha https://www.zidisha.org/apply/NG
Kiva https://www.kiva.org/
Pezesha https://pezesha.com/
MNT-Halan https://mnt-halan.com/

Conclusion

The growth of P2P lending is not only evident in Africa but is a global phenomenon, according to the OECD. However, despite its rising profile in the continent, P2P lending in Africa is fraught with a number of challenges. Despite these obstacles, several P2P platforms are successfully operating in every part of the continent.

Until recently, Nigeria used to be Africa’s largest economy. It is home to lots of domestic and foreign companies, large, medium and small. Like in other countries, registration is mandatory for operating a company in Nigeria (although not every business you see on the Nigerian landscape is registered). In this article we breakdown how to register a company in Nigeria. 

Importance of Company Registration 

Looking to register a company in Nigeria? There are a variety of good reasons you’ll want to consider registering your company. Here are some of them:

Legal Recognition

When you register your company or business, it acquires a legal status that distinguishes it from unregistered or informal businesses. Furthermore, registration paves the way for you to have a formal identity with which you can conduct your business activities. Moreover, a legally recognised business avoids any penalties for non-registration or late registration.

Limited Liability

If your business has registered as a limited liability company, then its shareholders will only be liable for the company’s debts to the extent allowed by their shares. This offers such individuals personal protection from business liabilities.

Access to Funding

A company that is registered and recognised by law has brighter chances of gaining access to grants, loans and other kinds of support from banks, investors, and government.

Brand Protection

A registered company has the right to legally protect its company name, logo, and intellectual property rights from unauthorised use by other parties.

Tax Compliance

 Laws in various countries or jurisdictions usually stipulate that every registered company complies with tax regulations. This ensures that such companies operate transparently, contribute to government revenue generation efforts and stay clear of legal issues pertaining to tax payments.

Legal Framework for Registering Companies in Nigeria

The legal framework for controlling and regulating company activities in Nigeria is the Companies and Allied Matters Act (CAMA) of 1990 [as amended]. CAMA provided for the creation of the Corporate Affairs Commission (CAC) to operate as an autonomous body responsible for registering and regulating companies, business names and incorporated trustees in Nigeria. The CAC is empowered to approve company names, issue certificates of incorporation, and maintain company records.

Company types eligible for registration in Nigeria include:

  • Private limited liability company (Ltd)
  • Public limited company (PLC)
  • Unlimited company
  • Company limited by guarantee
  • Subsidiary or branch of a foreign company
  • Partnership or joint venture
  • Sole proprietorship
  • Incorporated trustees (religious, charitable, philanthropic or cultural)
  • Representative office (in special cases)

Requirements for Registering a Company in Nigeria

According to the CAMA Act (2020), a company wishing to get registered shall deliver its Memorandum of Association to the Corporate Affairs Commission together with an application for registration of the company, the necessary documents and a statement of compliance. The contents of the application for registration should include:

(a) the company’s proposed name;

(b) the registered office address and head office address if different from the registered office address;

(c) whether the liability of the members of the company is to be limited and, if so, whether it is to be limited by shares or by guarantee;

(d) whether the company is to be a private or a public company.

If the application is delivered by a person as agent for the subscribers to the Memorandum of Association, it shall state the name and address of that agent, and:

(a) in the case of a company that has a share capital, a statement of initial issued share capital and initial shareholdings;

(b) in the case of a company that is limited by guarantee, a statement of guarantee;

(c) a statement of the company’s proposed directors;

(d) a statement of the proposed registered office of the company; and

(e) a copy of the proposed Articles of Association to the extent that these are not supplied by the default application of model articles.

Steps to Register a Company in Nigeria

Business Names 

  1. Check for availability of the business name on the CAC website. 
  2. Reserve a new name on the CAC website.
  3. Complete pre-registration form CAC-BNo1 and upload relevant registration documents. online using the Company Registration Portal.
  4. Pay filing fee  (all fees for CAC services are available on its website).

Note: Individuals/proprietors don’t need to hire a legal practitioner, chartered accountant, or chartered secretary before they can register their business name.

Private or Public Company

  1. Check for availability of proposed company name on the CAC website.
  2. Reserve a new name on the CAC website.
  3.  Complete pre-registration form and upload relevant documents online using the Company Registration Portal.
  4. Pay filing and stamp duty fees.

Companies Limited by Guarantee

  1. Reserve a name on the CAC website.
  2. Fill registration form and upload relevant documents online using the Company Registration Portal.
  3.  Pay filing fee and stamp duty.

Note: In the case of a company limited by guarantee, the CAC is obliged to get approval from the Attorney General of the Federation before registration.

Incorporated Trustee

  1. Check for availability of proposed incorporated trustee name on the CAC website.
  2. Reserve a new name on the CAC website. 
  3. Complete pre-registration form and upload relevant registration documents (e.g. Form CAC-IT01) online using the Company Registration Portal.
  4. Pay filing fee.  

Tips for Successful Company Registration

  1. Do thorough research: Understand the legal requirements and the different types of companies available to determine which best suits your business model.
  2. Ensure correct documentation: Double-check that all forms are filled out accurately, as mistakes can delay the registration process. Provide correct identification documents and proof of address.
  3. Engage a legal or business registration expert: Consider hiring a lawyer or consultant who specialises in company registration to guide you through the process, particularly if your business involves complex regulatory requirements.
  4. Be clear about business objectives: Ensure that your company’s Memorandum and Articles of Association clearly reflect the purpose and scope of operations of the company.
  5. Keep copies of all documents: Maintain copies of all registration documents, including the Certificate of Incorporation, as these may be required for future business dealings.
  6. Register for taxes promptly: After incorporation, don’t delay registering your company for tax purposes as non-compliance with tax laws can result in penalties.

Conclusion

Whether you’re starting a sole proprietorship, SME or large enterprise, registering a company in Nigeria is a critical step for anyone looking to formalise their business and ensure legal protection, access to financing and more. By following the outlined steps and understanding the legal requirements, you can establish your company and begin operations with confidence. 

EDITOR’S NOTE: This article has been updated to reflect new money saving apps that you can use to earn good returns on your money. I had a chat with a friend a few weeks ago and somehow the discussion veered into personal finance a la money saving apps and investments etc.

Now I’m the first to raise my hands and say I suck at saving/investing. I feel like I save too little and too irregularly. But I’m deciding to do something about it like learning tricks to save money on things like electricity.

Back to the story I asked, out of curiousity, whether she has somewhere she puts away money. She mentioned a certain bank/insurance saving product that pays, wait for it! 5% per annum. I was surprised and then upset. Then I realised there was likely a lot of people like her – putting money into savings or investment plans that paid too little and below the inflation rate. Save N1 million that way and after one year the N1 million plus the interest will be worth less than it is today.

So what are the ways you can save/invest your money to yield the highest possible annual interest while being sure your money is relatively save? Note that an investment/savings product should have a high level of security and return decent interest. With inflation and rising costs of living the best thing you can do is put your money to work to earn more for you. Simply leaving your money in a bank savings account that pays little or no interest is not a wise decision. So we looked at various options and here are some apps that enable you save/money at good annual returns. They all have at least 24/48 hours withdrawal.

Money Saving Apps

Over the past few years several fin-tech companies with focus on helping people save and earn decent interest on their saved money have become even more popular. It is easy to see why. Before now you could leave N1 million in your bank savings account without withdrawing/touching it and you will be lucky to get a paltry 1 or 2% interest annually on it. Enter Savings/investment apps that encourage people to save their money and earn anywhere between 10 – 25% interest on it. So basically in one way they promise much higher interest if you save your money with them than with a traditional bank. And for some of them is the beauty of monitoring your accumulating interests via the digital app. The more popular ones include;

  • Piggyvest: Piggyvest started as Piggybank in 2016 as a savings only platform. It offers customers/users between 10 – 15% interest on saved amount per annum. Users can transfer money they intend to save or fund their savings account with a credit/debit card. The app lets you save in Naira and also in US dollar with the dollar savings paying 6% interest annually. There is also the Safelock feature which allows you lock away money you don’t want to be tempted to touch in return for up to 15% interest.
  • Cowrywise: Cowrywise is yet another savings app launched in 2017. It offers users the opportunity to save their money and earn interest. The app allows you choose different savings options to meet your goals. On Cowrywise you can earn up to 15% annual interest on the amount you save.
  • ALAT: ALAT is a digital only bank set up by Wema Bank. Launched in 2017 ALAT lets you set savings goals. You receive a physical debit card which lets you withdraw money from anywhere. You can earn up to 10% annual interest when you save money on ALAT.
  • OPAY: OPay’s Owealth offering enables you leave your idle money to earn interest. Depending on the minimum balance required one can earn at least 15% annual interest. According to the app they pay the interest daily to your account.
  • JOLLOF+: This relatively new entrant promises annual interests of as high as 20% on your saved money.
  • KUDA: Kuda become popular as a digital bank for the young and digital savvy. It has introduced fixed savings that pays 12% annual interest or more on your savings.
  • FAIRMONEY: Fairmoney is a microfinance bank with a digital app that allows users save money and earn up to 17% annual interest or more depending on the savings plan they choose.

ALSO SEE

NOTE: This article does not constitute financial advice. Nairabrains will not be responsible for any decisions taken as a result of reading this article. Kindly consult your financial advisor or seek professional financial advice.

There are increasing opportunities to make money from refer and earn apps in Nigeria. A refer and earn app is designed to offer rewards for users who refer others to download and use the app. It is a way to drive more users/customers to use an app. Some refer and earn apps may include benefits to both the referrer and the referred user (eg in case of a coupon code where the newly referred user can get discounts simply by joining and using the app through the referral code presented by a referrer)

What is a Refer and Earn App?

Refer and earn apps are mobile applications that have a reward system to pay you for referring (bringing) someone to download and use the app.

A refer and earn app can reward a user for bringing someone else to download the app, use the app or subscribe/pay for a product/service on the app.

Eg for a fintech app it may reward users who bring others to use the fintech app for any transaction such as paying bills, making transfers etc.

Refer and earn app rewards can be in form of money, discounts, free coupons etc.

Where Can You Find Refer and Earn Apps

Usually refer and earn apps are abundant in the fintech, savings/investments app sector. You refer people to download and start using the apps to save or invest money and you get a decent referral payment in return.

You can also find several refer and earn apps in Cryptocurrency, Payments etc.

Top Refer and Earn Apps

Piggyvest

Piggyvest is a savings app that enables users save towards specific goals or generally save their money for a healthy 8-10% annual interest. This certainly makes it better to save with them than leave the money in the bank.

Piggyvest provides links for users to share and earn some money for any new users that join/use Piggyvest through their referral. Piggyvest generally pays or gives you additional N1,000 for any new referral.

Branch

Branch is another fintech app that has a refer and earn program. Branch is a personal finance app that provides loans to individuals without paperwork or collateral.

Branch also enables current users earn small amounts per new user they refer or bring in to use the app.

Umba

Umba is a digital bank that enables you save money, pay bills, make transfers, get loans and earn cashbacks for every bill you pay.

Umba promises N500 for every friend you refer to download and use the banking app.

Chipper

Chipper Cash is a remittance fintech provider that enables anyone send money across Africa. Chipper promises free transfers and low cross border money transfer rates.

Chipper promises N600 for every person you refer to use the app.

Jumia Pay

Jumia Pay is an online payment processor and solution initially built for the e-commerce giant.

You can pay for items online, book airline/bus tickets, make hotel reservations, pay for utilities, etc.

With Jumia Pay you can earn 15% cashback on gaming items (when you use Jumia Pay on checkout) such as playstations, xbox etc.

Jumia Pay also rewards you with N500 once you refer something and they spend up to N500 through Jumia Pay.

Opay

Opay is a multi purpose fintech application that enables you access banking services (such as high interest savings, bill payments, and get a card for online payments.

It also runs a mobile money, POS service that enables thousands of agents provide financial services to customers across the country.

Opay has a referral program that helps you earn at least N700 per person you refer to sign up and use the Opay app for financial transactions.

Risevest

Risevest is a savings/investment app that enables you invest in US/foreign denominated stock markets and real estate.

It’s key promise is to help you save and invest in USD to prevent the effects of inflation on your Naira while also seeing considerable long term appreciation of your funds.

Risevest has a reward program that pays you 3% of the deposit of any friend you refer to the app.

Fairmoney

Fairmoney is a digital, microfinance bank that provides loans of up to N1 million to individuals without collateral.

It pays up to N500 as loan discount for every customer you refer to use the loan app.

Abeg

Abeg is a fintech app that you can use for several financial transactions (transfers, bill payments) as well as receiving money online through giveaways etc

You can sell on Abeg, buy tickets, send money easily, get virtual cards and more.

Abeg pays N750 each time you refer someone to activate their abeg app.

Luno

Luno is a cryptocurrency trading exchange where anyone can buy, sell or trade cryptocurrencies.

Luno has a referral program that rewards you with cryptocurrency for every friend you refer to actively use their Luno account.

The amount rewarded varies.

Cowrywise

Cowrywise is a savings and investment app that helps anyone save towards specific goals and invest in mutual funds.

On Cowrywise you may earn bonuses of fee waivers when you refer a friend to a minimum deposit of N5,000 in their locked savings or investment plan.

ALSO SEE